Privacy, Policing, and the Algorithm: Rethinking Surveillance and Data Protection in the Age of AI

Privacy, Policing, and the Algorithm: Rethinking Surveillance and Data Protection in the Age of AI

Author: Mrs. Jashan Sharma

Affiliation: Student, LL.M. (Criminal Law) 1st year, Amity Law School, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab

Journal: Annual International Journal on Analysis of Contemporary Legal Affairs (AIJACLA)

ISSN (Online): 2583-1437 | Volume 5, 2025

Paper Code: AIJACLAV30RP2025

Pages: 332–341

Category: Research Paper

Date of Publication: February 10, 2026

Citation: Mrs. Jashan Sharma, “Privacy, Policing, and the Algorithm: Rethinking Surveillance and Data Protection in the Age of AI”, 5, AIJACLA, 332, 332-341 (2025).

Author Details

Mrs. Jashan Sharma

Student, LL.M. (Criminal Law) 1st year, Amity Law School, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab

Abstract

The architecture of state authority and surveillance has changed significantly due to the growing use of artificial intelligence in modern policing and governance. Technologies such as large-scale data fusion centers, real-time facial recognition systems, and predictive policing algorithms allow law enforcement agencies to monitor public spaces, predict criminal behaviour, and identify individuals with unprecedented precision and scale. Even if such technologies aim at improving the efficiency of the work and enhancing security, they put in jeopardy privacy rights, rights of due process, and democratic accountability in a very serious manner.

Keywords

AI surveillance, privacy rights, biometric technologies, predictive policing algorithms, facial recognition systems, DPDP Act, 2023.

Full manuscript submitted for publication in AIJACLA Volume 5, 2025.